RESUMEN
Objective: The body of literature regarding coronavirus disease 2019 infection in kidney transplant recipients is growing every day but is mostly comprised of case reports, small case series, and small cohorts. The aim of the current study was to describe our experiences with coronavirus disease 2019-positive kidney transplant recipients to reduce the difficulties that these patients face with coronavirus disease 2019. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 54 kidney transplant recipients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019, between April 1, 2020, and February 1, 2021, from our Kidney Transplant Center. The participants were followed up for a period of at least 30 days or until death. Results: Of the 54 patients, 36 (66.66%) were followed up as outpatients and 18 (33.33%) were hospitalized, of which 13 (24.07%) were followed up in the service and 5 (9.26%) needed intensive care. All 5 patients (9.26%) in need of intensive care died and the remaining 49 (90.74%) recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 infection. None of the patients developed graft loss during follow-up. Conclusion: The results indicated that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and lactate dehydrogenase-to-lymphocyte ratio can be used to support the diagnosis and determine prognosis in kidney transplant recipients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019. In both the group comparisons and univariate logistic regression analyses, smoking was seen to be a significant risk factor for the development of pneumonia and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019. Therefore, all patients must be strongly reminded and encouraged to stop smoking.
RESUMEN
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are causative agents of the last three epidemics/pandemic;severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV (MERS-CoV) and the last one SARS-CoV-2. Although meta-analysis of treatment studies against these three CoVs found no clear benefit of any spesific regimen, currently, remdesivir and favipiravir are promising potential therapies for SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, since natural products have always played a crucial role in drug discovery and development process against various diseases, many groups in the world, are now trying to find new or repurposed natural or naturally originated drugs against viruses and CoVs. Secondary metabolites of the plants, particularly alkaloids and terpenoids have been exhibited strong antimicrobial and anticancer activities besides synthetic drugs and other natural compounds (nucleosides and nucleotides and bacterial and fungi originated ones). The first isolated secondary metabolites have been converted into important drugs since 1800's such as morphine, codeine, cocaine, and quinine have alkaloid skeleton as well as some of the recent anticancer drugs vinblastine, vincristine, taxol, etc. This review includes the last two decades of publications about natural alkaloids rather than their plant extracts which showed some promising results against CoVs. Marine organisms are also another rich source to discover new lead drugs, however they were excluded in the present review article.
RESUMEN
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are causative agents of the last three epidemics/pandemic;severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV (MERS-CoV) and the last one SARS-CoV-2. Although meta-analysis of treatment studies against these three CoVs found no clear benefit of any spesific regimen, currently, remdesivir and favipiravir are promising potential therapies for SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, since natural products have always played a crucial role in drug discovery and development process against various diseases, many groups in the world, are now trying to find new or repurposed natural or naturally originated drugs against viruses and CoVs. Secondary metabolites of the plants, particularly alkaloids and terpenoids have been exhibited strong antimicrobial and anticancer activities besides synthetic drugs and other natural compounds (nucleosides and nucleotides and bacterial and fungi originated ones). The first isolated secondary metabolites have been converted into important drugs since 1800's such as morphine, codeine, cocaine, and quinine have alkaloid skeleton as well as some of the recent anticancer drugs vinblastine, vincristine, taxol, etc. This review includes the last two decades of publications about natural alkaloids rather than their plant extracts which showed some promising results against CoVs. Marine organisms are also another rich source to discover new lead drugs, however they were excluded in the present review article.